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Game publishers
This is an overview of companies involved in the distribution of Girls' Frontline games. Sunborn distributes its own games in some regions through subsidiaries such as Sunborn Japan and Darkwinter Software.
Wave-Game (Array)
Wave-Game (上海阵面网络公司 in Chinese and 陣面網絡科技 in Japanese), also translated as “Shanghai Array Network Technology Company”,[1] was a short-lived publisher established in July 2015[2] by Yostar CEO Yao Meng to assist Sunborn in the worldwide operations of Girls' Frontline. The partnership ended a few months before the release of the game in 2016,[3] and Wave-Game ceased operations without having worked on another game.
Digital Sky
Digital Sky, or DigiSky (成都数字天空科技有限公司), is a mobile game developer and publisher started in Chengdu in 2011. They distributed Girls' Frontline in Mainland China under their PPGame branding from 2016 to 2020, at which point Sunborn brought distribution in-house under Darkwinter Software.[4]
XD Global (Longcheng)
XD Global (sometimes “XD International”) is the international publishing branch of Shanghai-based video games studio XD. It operates the KR and TW servers of Girls' Frontline, as well as Azur Lane KR since March 2018, Arknights TW since June 2020 and Houkai 3rd KR until distribution was brought back in-house by MiHoyo.
XD (short for xīn dòng, “heartbeat”) started as a P2P website named VeryCD in 2003 and became a game company under the name XD Network (心动网络) in 2010. In 2015, XD Network entered the board of Shanghai games publisher Longcheng (上海龙成网络科技有限公司). Longcheng was the operator of Girls' Frontline TW and KR servers at their releases, respectively in January and June 2017. In July 2017, XD Network became the majority owner of Longcheng[5] and renamed the company XD Global the next month.[6] In practice, the Longcheng branding persists in many places.
In 2016, XD launched the mobile games community and app store TapTap. XD Network became publicly traded in Hong Kong in 2019 and shortened its name to XD. On 30 June 2020, it was announced that Girls' Frontline KR changed publisher for the company Young Phoenix.[7] Just four days later, it was announced that the change was just a temporary contract issue and the game returned under XD Global's operation.[8]
XD Global also published Reverse Collapse: Code Name Bakery in 2024.
HaoPlay
In May 2022, the publisher of Project Neural Cloud in Korea was announced as HaoPlay.[9] HaoPlay is the new name of Young Phoenix, a company spun off from Longcheng in Hong Kong in 2019, as hinted by the accidental use of Longcheng's logo on HaoPlay games websites[10] and confirmed by public records of Hong Kong company registrations.[11] HaoPlay is slated to distribute Girls' Frontline 2: Exilium in Korea, Japan, and other parts of the world.
Peiyu Digital Entertainment
The TW publisher of Project Neural Cloud was initially announced to be Longcheng during the Taipei Game Show of January 2022,[12] but when marketing began in earnest, it was managed by another company named Peiyu Digital Entertainment (沛羽數位娛樂).[13] Peiyu was also announced to be Girls' Frontline 2: Exilium's distributor at the Taipei Game Show 2024 ahead of the TW server's release in December 2024.[14] The official TW website shows that the server is jointly operated by Peiyu and Haoplay.
Public company records shows that Peiyu was founded in 2020 by Guotian Gui (郭天貴), who is also Longcheng's CEO. Peiyu jointly operates another game with Haoplay: Blue Protocol.
References
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