M1919A4
{{PlayableUnit |index = 80 |nationality = United States |classification = MG |rarity = 3 |faction = Griffin & Kryuger |manufactureringame = I.O.P. |manufacturer = Saginaw Steering Gear division of General Motors, Buffalo Arms, Rock Island Arsenal |artist = AS109 |fullname = Machine Gun, Caliber .30, Browning, M1919 |voiceactor = Yoshida Sachiyo |releasedon = CN, TW, KR, EN, JP
|weaponinfo = The M1919 Browning is an American .30 caliber medium machine gun that was widely used during the 20th century, especially during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. The M1919 saw service in a wide variety of roles, as a light infantry, coaxial, mounted, aircraft, and anti-aircraft machine gun at various points. The emergence of general-purpose machine guns in the 1950's pushed the M1919 into secondary roles in many cases, especially after the arrival of the M60 in US Army service. The United States Navy also converted many to 7.62mm NATO, and designated them the Mk 21 Mod 0. Many NATO countries also converted their examples to 7.62 mm caliber, and these remained in service well into the 1990s, as well as up to the present day in some countries.[1]
The M1919 was an air-cooled development of the standard US machine gun of World War I, the M1917. The M1917 was also designed by John Moses Browning, and was a water-cooled crew-served heavy machine gun. The M1917 definitely earned its 'heavy machine gun' designation: the weapon came in at a staggering 103 pounds (this is including the water and tripod). While the M1917 was a fantastic machine gun, as Browning had demonstrated during its trials when he fired the M1917 for a continuous 48 minutes and 12 seconds (over 21,000 rounds) with no parts failures. However, the weapon's weight made it unwieldy and difficult to maneuver into position. A lighter, medium-sized machine gun was needed.
After the conclusion of the First World War in 1918, the M1917 would be modified into the M1919. The M1919 uses the same short recoil mechanism as the M1917, but replaces the water-cooled barrel with an air-cooled barrel covered in a shroud. This dramatically cut down on the weapon's weight, with the M1919 coming in at 31 pounds. The change to air-cooling instead of water-cooling came with some complications, however. When it was decided to try to lighten the gun and make it air-cooled, the M1917's design as a closed-bolt weapon created a potentially dangerous situation. If the gun was very hot from prolonged firing, the cartridge ready to be fired could be resting in a red-hot barrel, causing the propellant in the cartridge to heat up to the point that it would ignite and fire the cartridge on its own (this kind of unintended weapon discharge is known as a 'cook-off'). With each further shot heating the barrel up even more, the gun would continue to fire uncontrollably until the ammunition ran out, since depressing the trigger was not what was causing the gun to fire. M1919 gunners were taught to cock the gun with the palm facing up, so that in the event of a cook-off, their thumb would not be dislocated by the charging handle. They were also taught to seize the ammunition belt and pull to prevent it from feeding if the gun ever started an uncontrollable cycle of cooking off. Gunners were trained to manage the barrel heat by firing in controlled bursts of three to five rounds, in order to delay heating. Most other air-cooled machine gun designs were fired in this way, even those featuring quick-change barrels and which fired from an open bolt, two features that make air-cooled machine guns capable of somewhat more sustained fire (both features that the M1919 design lacked).
The M1919 originally fired the .30 caliber M1906 (.30-06) ball cartridge, and later the .30 caliber M2 ball cartridge, contained in a woven cloth belt. A metal link was later adopted, forming a "disintegrating" belt. Operation of the M1919 was much the same as it was with the M1917. Loading was accomplished by inserting the pull tab on the ammunition belt from the left side of the gun until the feeding pawl at the entrance of the feed way engaged the first round in the belt and held it in place. The cocking handle was then pulled back with the right hand, palm facing up, and then released. This advanced the first round of the belt in front of the bolt for the extractor/ejector on the bolt to grab the first cartridge. The cocking handle was then pulled and released a second time. This caused the extractor to remove the first cartridge from the belt and chamber it (load it into the barrel ready to fire). As the bolt slid forward into battery, the extractor engaged the next round on the now-advanced belt resting in the feedway, preparing to draw it from the belt in the next firing cycle. Every time the gun fired a shot, the gun performed the sequence of extracting the spent round from the chamber and extracting the following round from the belt as the bolt came rearward, the fresh round ejecting the spent one when the bolt was to the rear and the fresh round cycled in front of the bolt, then on the forward stroke chambering the next round to be fired, advancing the belt, and engaging the next round in preparation for loading. Once the bolt closed, the firing pin dropped and the round was fired, and the sequence was repeated (at a rate of roughly ten cycles per second) until the trigger was released or the ammunition belt was exhausted.
As a company support weapon, the M1919 required a five-man crew to operate: the squad leader, the gunner (who fired the gun and when advancing carried the tripod and box of ammunition), the assistant gunner (who helped feed the gun and carried it, and a box of spare parts and tools), and two ammunition carriers. The original idea of the M1919 was to allow it to be more easily packed for transport, and featured a light barrel and bipod when first introduced as the M1919A1. Unfortunately, it quickly became clear that the gun was still too heavy to be easily moved, while at the same time too light for sustained fire. This led to the M1919A2, which included a heavier barrel and tripod, and could sustain fire for longer periods.
The M1919 featured a number of variants, each improving and iterating on the basic design. The most common variant of the series was the M1919A4. Production blueprints of this variant were complete in late 1936, and production soon followed. The driving force behind the development of this variant was the suffering reliability of the 18-inch barrel of previous versions, which did not produce enough recoil to cycle the action reliably. The bull barrel was made much thicker and was lengthened to 24 inches, identical to the older M1917. Various other small adjustments to the design were made, such as moving the front sight from the barrel jacket to the receiver, which made it easier to mount the gun on vehicles. The design of the barrel jacket was changed to include circular holes instead of long slits of earlier models, and a recoil booster in the muzzle end improved reliability. The recoil buffer assembly was also a new addition to the design introduced between the development of the A3 and A4 variants, and was designed to reduce the impact of the bolt hitting the backplate. The M1919A4 was used in both fixed and flexible mounts, by infantry and on vehicles. It was also widely exported after World War II and continues to be used in small numbers around the world. Two variants were developed specifically for vehicular use: the M1919A5 and the M1919A4E1.
|design=
|craft= 5:40:00 |drop=Can be obtained from many battle stages from Chapter 3-3E onward.
|min_dmg= 36 |max_dmg= 96 |min_eva= 3 |max_eva= 22 |min_acc= 4 |max_acc= 26 |min_rof= 69 |max_rof= 99 |min_hp= 87 |max_hp= 182 |mov= 4 |clipsize= 9
|aura1= Affects shotguns |aura2= Increases accuracy by 25% |aura3= Increases armour by 10% |tile1 = 0 |tile9 = 1
|characterid = M1919A4 |costume1 = Carmilla |costume2 = Partying Sweetheart
|gallery=
Profile image
Full artwork
Full damaged artwork
"Carmilla" full artwork
"Carmilla" damaged artwork
"Partying Sweetheart" full artwork
"Partying Sweetheart" damaged artwork
|galleryAlt=
Full damaged artwork (Censored)
"Carmilla" full artwork (Censored)
"Carmilla" damaged artwork (Censored)
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|trivia =
- The XM174 Grenade Launcher was based on the M1919A4. It features a 12-round drum mag, and was used in the early 1970's during the Vietnam War until was replaced by the more reliable Mk19 Grenade Launcher.
- She appears to be a quite short T-Doll in height, as the M1919A4 is about 38" or 0.96 meters in length, and it reaches her shoulders in her default damaged portrait. Also, one of her adjutant lines is an indignant "I'm not a shorty!"
- M1919A4's special equipment is a special metal buttstock, designed for use on the later M1919A6 variant. This variant came about during World War 2, when US Army officials decided that the M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle, while portable, was not sufficient as a sustained fire weapon due to its fixed barrel and limited 20-round magazine. Realizing that producing an entirely new replacement machine gun would take time, the military decided that a stop-gap solution would be best and adapted an existing design. The M1919A6 was the result, and was meant to mirror the German MG 34 and MG 42 machine guns, each of which were portable for a squad weapon and were very effective at sustained fire.
